22^nd World Congress on Advances in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology October 16-17, 2019 Singapore

Development of Nanotechnology and creating of Nano materials opened new perspectives for a number of areas of industry. These materials explain enlarged strength, toughness, biocompatibility, and can ensure higher service properties, reliability and systems.

Nanotechnology is a powerful tool for combating cancer and is being put to use in other applications that may reduce pollution, energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and help prevent diseases. NCI's Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer is working to ensure that nanotechnologies for cancer applications are developed responsibly.  As with any new technology, the safety of nanotechnology is continuously being tested. The small size, high reactivity, and unique tensile and magnetic properties of nanomaterials—the same properties that drive interest in their biomedical and industrial applications—have raised concerns about implications for the environment, health, and safety (EHS).

Nano pharmaceuticals such as liposomes, quantum dots, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes and polymeric nanoparticles have brought considerable changes in drug delivery and the medical system. Nano pharmaceuticals offer a great benefit for the patients in comparison with the conventional drugs.  There are several advantages of these drugs such as enhanced oral bioavailability, improved dose proportionality, enhanced solubility and dissolution rate, suitability for administration and reduced food effects.

Nanomedicine is the next wave of advancements in the healthcare space. The nanotechnology revolution is now enabling novel approaches to address the major problems in modern medicine, leading to the emergence of nanomedicine as a new paradigm for diagnosis and therapy, according to experts.

DNA nanotechnology is the design and manufacture of artificial nucleic acid structures for technological uses. In this field, nucleic acids are used as non-biological engineering materials for nanotechnology rather than as the carriers of genetic information in living cells. Researchers in the field have created static structures such as two- and three-dimensional crystal lattices, nanotubes, polyhedra, and arbitrary shapes, and functional devices such as molecular machines and DNA computers. The field is beginning to be used as a tool to solve basic science problems in structural biology and biophysics, including applications in X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proteins to determine structures. Potential applications in molecular scale electronics and nanomedicine are also being investigated.

The fast development of the Nanodevices is driving the world through the roadways of improvement in different sections of science and innovation. The Nano devices &Nano frameworks have brought a colossal change of mankind with its Nano way of life gadgets. The examination includes in brilliant sensors and savvy conveyance frameworks, demonstrating and reproduction alongside the organically enlivened gadgets which are expected to move at a gigantic development of 34% CAGR and the anticipated development of the Nano switches and Optical-biosensors is up to $58.9% billion increment before the end of 2018 by enrolling a sound CAGR of 20.7%.Around the world making the world's focus the exploration territories of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology.

Formulation studies involve developing a preparation of the drug which is both stable and acceptable to the patient. For orally administered drugs, this usually involves incorporating the drug into a tablet or a capsule. It is important to make the distinction that a tablet contains a variety of other potentially inert substances apart from the drug itself, and studies have to be carried out to ensure that the encapsulated drug is compatible with these other substances in a way that does not cause harm, whether direct or indirect. Formulation studies also consider such factors as particle size, polymorphism, pH, and solubility, as all of these can influence bioavailability and hence the activity of a drug. The drug must be combined with inactive ingredients by a method which ensures that the quantity of drug present is consistent in each dosage unit e.g. each tablet. The dosage should have a uniform appearance, with an acceptable taste, tablet hardness, or capsule disintegration. By the time phase III clinical trials are reached, the formulation of the drug should have been developed to be close to the preparation that will ultimately be used in the market.

Cancer nanotechnology is a branch of nanotechnology concerned with the application of both nanomaterials (such as nanoparticles for tumour imaging or drug delivery) and nanotechnology approaches (such as nanoparticle-based theranostics) to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

The field of nanotechnology is one of the most popular areas for current research and development in basically all technical disciplines. This obviously includes polymer science and technology and even in this field the investigations cover a broad range of topics. This would include microelectronics (which could now be referred to as nanoelectronics) as the critical dimension scale for modern devices is now below 100 nm. Other areas include polymer-based biomaterials, nanoparticle drug delivery, miniemulsion particles, fuel cell electrode polymer bound catalysts, layer-by-layer self-assembled polymer films, electrospun nanofibers, imprint lithography, polymer blends and nanocomposites.

Nanotoxicology is the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials.Because of quantum size effects and large surface area to volume ratio, nanomaterials have unique properties compared with their larger counterparts that affect their toxicity. Of the possible hazards, inhalation exposure appears to present the most concern, with animal studies showing pulmonary effects such as inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenicity for some nanomaterials. Skin contact and ingestion exposure are also a concern.

The science and innovation of Nanomaterials has made awesome energy and desires in the most recent couple of years. The following decade is liable to witness significant steps in the arrangement, characterisation and abuse of Nanoparticles, Nanowires, Nanotubes, Nanorods, Nanocrystals, Nanounits and their congregations

Health and Environmental Safety of Nano materials address considerations regarding the impact of nanomaterials on the atmosphere and human health, and examine the security of specific nanomaterials. Understanding the distinctive chemical and physical properties of nanostructures has diode to several developments within the applications of nanocomposite materials. Whereas these materials have applications during a Brobdingnagian vary of areas, their potential for toxicity should be completely understood.

Nanotechnology will be utilized for Detection, Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Monitoring. Themes like Nanotechnology based Imaging Technologies and Lab-on-a-Chip Point of Care Diagnostics, Advanced Nano-Bio-Sensor Technologies, Implantable Nano sensors, Nano Arrays for Advanced Diagnostics and Therapy, Invasive Therapy Technologies and Cellular based Therapy might be talked about.

Nanobiotechnology, bionanotechnology, and nanobiology are terms that refer to the intersection of nanotechnology and biology. Given that the subject is one that has only emerged very recently, bionanotechnology and nanobiotechnology serve as blanket terms for various related technologies.

Nano ethics is the study ethical and social implications of nanotechnologies. It is an emerging but controversial field. Nano ethics is a debatable field. As the research is increasing on Nano medicine, there are certain regulations to increase their efficacy and address the associated safety issues. Other issues in Nano ethics include areas like research ethics, environment, global equity, economics, politics, national security, education, life extension and space exploration.

Nanotechnology refers to a broad range of tools, techniques and applications that simply involve particles on the approximate size scale of a few to hundreds of nanometers in diameter. Particles of this size have some unique physicochemical and surface properties that lend themselves to novel uses. Indeed, advocates of nanotechnology suggest that this area of research could contribute to solutions for some of the major problems we face on the global scale such as ensuring a supply of safe drinking water for a growing population, as well as addressing issues in medicine, energy, and agriculture.

Materials Science and Engineering is an acclaimed scientific discipline, expanding in recent decades to surround polymers, ceramics, glass, composite materials and biomaterials. Materials science and engineering, involves the discovery and design of new materials.  Many of the most pressing scientific problems humans currently face are due to the limitations of the materials that are available and, as a result, major breakthroughs in materials science are likely to affect the future of technology significantly.

Nano materials are characterized as materials with no less than one outside measurement in the size extent from around 1-100 nanometers. Nanoparticles are items with each of the three outside measurements at the Nano scale. Nanoparticles that are normally happening (e.g., volcanic powder, ash from woodland fires) or are the accidental side effects of ignition procedures (e.g., welding, diesel motors) are generally physically and synthetically heterogeneous and frequently termed ultrafine particles. Built nanoparticles are deliberately delivered and planned with particular properties identified with shape, size, surface properties and science. These properties are reflected in mist concentrates, colloids, or powders. Regularly, the conduct of nanomaterials might depend more on surface region than molecule arrangement itself. World interest for nanomaterials will rise more than more than two times to $5.5 billion in 2016. Nanotubes, Nano clays and quantum dabs will be the quickest developing sorts. The vitality stockpiling and era and development markets will offer the best development prospects. China, India and the US will lead picks up among countries.This study dissects the $2 billion world nanomaterial industry. It presents recorded interest information for the years 2001, 2006 and 2011, and gauges for 2016 and 2021 by material (e.g., metal oxides, chemicals and polymers, metals, nanotubes), market (e.g., social insurance, gadgets, vitality era and capacity, development), world area and for 15 nations.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure. These cylindrical carbon molecules have unusual properties, which are valuable for nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science and technology. Owing to the material's exceptional strength and stiffness, nanotubes have been constructed with length-to-diameter ratio of up to 132,000,000:1, significantly larger than for any other material. In addition, owing to their extraordinary thermal conductivity, mechanical, and electrical properties, carbon nanotubes find applications as additives to various structural materials. For instance, nanotubes form a tiny portion of the material(s) in some (primarily carbon fibre) baseball bats, golf clubs, car parts or Damascus steel.

One of the most promising applications of nanotechnology is in the field of medicine. Indeed, a whole new field of “nanomedicine” is emerging. Nano medicine has been defined as the monitoring, repair, construction and control of human biological systems at the molecular level using engineered nano devices and nanostructures. It can also be regarded as another implementation of nanotechnology in the field of medical science and diagnostics.

Nanoparticles are particles between 1 and 100 nano meters in size. In Nanotechnology, a particle is defined as a small object that behaves as a whole unit with respect to its transport and properties. Particles are further classified according to diameter, nanoscale, nanometers, nanopattern, nanoparticle characterization and applications.

New nanotechnology consumer products are coming on the market at the rate of three to four per week, a finding based on the latest update to the nanotechnology consumer product inventory maintained by the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies (PEN).One of the new items among the more than 600 products now in the inventory is Swiss dent Nanowhitening Toothpaste with “calcium peroxides, in the form of nano-particles.” Today, in testimony before the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science & Transportation, PEN Project ,cited Ace Silver Plus—another of the nine nano toothpastes in the inventory—as an example of the upsurge in nanotechnology consumer products in stores. The hearing marks the start of U.S. Senate debate on the future direction of the annual $1.5 billion federal investment in nanotechnology research and development (R&D).The number of consumer products using nanotechnology has grown from 212 to 609 since PEN launched the world’s first online inventory of manufacturer-identified nanotech goods in March 2006. Health and fitness items, which include cosmetics and sunscreens, represent 60 percent of inventory products.

Green nanotechnology refers to the use of nanotechnology to enhance the environmental sustainability of processes producing negative externalities. It also refers to the use of the products of nanotechnology to enhance sustainability. It includes making green nano-products and using nano-products in support of sustainability.Green nanotechnology has been described as the development of clean technologies, "to minimize potential environmental and human health risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanotechnology products, and to encourage replacement of existing products with new nano-products that are more environmentally friendly throughout their lifecycle.

Graphene is a one-atom-thick layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. It is the building-block of Graphite (which is used, among others things, in pencil tips), but graphene is a remarkable substance on its own - with a multitude of astonishing properties which repeatedly earn it the title wonder material.